Peripheral blood vessels are the veins and arteries in the body, excluding vessels in the heart and brain. These blood vessels deliver blood to the peripheral parts of the body. The peripheral arteries carry oxygenated blood to the body, while the peripheral veins return deoxygenated blood from the extremities' capillaries to the heart. The neck, arms, lower abdomen, legs, and feet all have peripheral arteries that bring blood to other parts of the body.
Vascular disease is a condition, which affects the flow of blood through arteries or veins. Peripheral vascular diseases cause the narrowing of blood vessels in the peripheral vasculature of the body. It is caused due to buildup of fatty deposits or plaque in the blood vessels, also called atherosclerosis. This leads to insufficient blood supply to peripheral parts and may cause chronic wounds on limbs and increase heart attack or stroke risk. The major factors that increase the risk of peripheral vascular diseases are diabetes, cigarette smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and old age, among others. There are several types of vascular diseases:
- Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a condition that causes blockage in the leg's blood vessels, causing cramps with activity, called claudication. Complete loss of circulation can lead to gangrene and limb loss.
- An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a condition where the aorta is stretched or has a bulging area. A bulging aorta is weak and can burst, causing life-threatening bleeding. This type of aneurysm is in the abdomen, where the aorta takes blood to the lower body.
- A thoracic aortic aneurysm is a condition where there is a bulge in the aorta in the chest. The bulge makes the vessel weak, and in case it burst, it can cause severe life-threatening bleeding.
- Carotid artery disease is caused when plaque builds up in the carotid arteries, carrying blood to the brain. This condition can cause a stroke or transient ischemic attack.
- Venous insufficiency is a condition in which the veins in the legs do not sufficiently return blood to the heart and upper body. Long-term elevated blood pressure within leg veins and blood clots in leg veins are two common causes.
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition where there is a thrombus (blood clot) in a deep vein, usually in the legs. These clots are harmful because they can break free and pass across the bloodstream to the lungs, where they can obstruct blood flow.
- Pulmonary embolism is a condition where a major blood vessel in the lung is blocked suddenly, usually by a clot.
The treatment of these diseases is carried out by procedures, such as balloon angioplasty, stenting, arterial thrombectomy, and peripheral atherectomy. All these procedures are carried out using peripheral vascular devices.
Peripheral vascular devices are used in the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral vascular diseases by healthcare professionals. The devices are used to carry out peripheral vascular intervention procedures, which help treat peripheral vascular diseases. These devices are used to maintain patency of the blood vessels and re-establish blood flow, usually through minimally invasive procedures.
The increasing prevalence of peripheral vascular diseases primarily drives the growth of the peripheral vascular devices market. For instance,
- As of 2019, it is estimated that more than 200 million people live with peripheral artery disease worldwide.
- As of 2019, around 12-20% of Americans in the age group of 60 years and older have peripheral artery diseases, while the prevalence increases to 50% in the age group of 85 years and above. The prevalence of peripheral artery diseases reportedly increased by nearly 23.5% in the previous decade (Source: American Family Physician).
- According to an article published in Atherosclerosis, a study showed that people with diabetes, when accompanied by risk factors, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and cigarette smoking, have a three-fold chance of getting peripheral artery diseases and carotid artery stenosis.
- According to a study published in Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, the estimated number of people living with diabetes increased from 285 million in 2009 to 463 million in 2019 and is projected to increase to 700 million people by 2045.
Peripheral vascular devices such as angioplasty balloons and stents, catheters, inferior vena cava filters, plaque modification devices, and hemodynamic flow alteration devices are widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral vascular diseases. Thus, the increasing prevalence of peripheral vascular diseases is expected to accelerate peripheral vascular devices market growth. The global peripheral vascular devices market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.2% to reach USD 11.13 billion by 2027, according to Meticulous Research®.
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